What is the world order In general terms, "world order" refers to the structured arrangement of international relations and the distribution of power among nations on a global scale. However, the term is used in three distinct ways depending on the context: 1. The Rules-Based International Order This is the formal system established after World War II to manage global conflict and cooperation. Often called the Liberal World Order, it is defined by: Multilateral Institutions: Organizations like the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and the World Trade Organization. Core Principles: A commitment to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states, free trade, human rights, and the rule of international law. U.S. Leadership: The system was largely championed and underwritten by the United States and its Western allies for over 75 years. 2. Historical & Geopolitical Shifts Analysts use the term to describe specific eras based on how power is balanced: Westphalian Order (1648–present): The foundational modern order based on the concept of sovereign territorial states. Bipolar Order (1945–1991): Defined by the Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union. Unipolar Order (1991–2008): A brief period of undisputed U.S. global dominance following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Current Transition: As of 2026, the world is seen as shifting toward a multipolar order where power is shared among several major actors, including the U.S., China, and the European Union, while rising powers in the Global South seek a greater voice. 3. The "New World Order" Conspiracy Theory Outside of political science, the term "New World Order" refers to a widely debunked conspiracy theory. Adherents of this theory believe: Secret Cabal: A powerful group of global elites is covertly working to establish a totalitarian one-world government. Loss of Liberty: This supposed regime would strip individuals of their rights and sovereignty through the control of international organizations.