Congress Should Pass Antisemitism Awareness Act Mackenzie France | RealClearWire Mar 14, 2025 Facebook Twitter Email Facebook Twitter Email Print Copy article link Save Much ink has already been spilled on the antisemitism crisis plaguing the United States. As the new Trump administration seeks to crack down on antisemitism on university campuses, Congress should finally pass legislation that treats the subject with the importance it deserves. Politicking by Sen. Chuck Schumer prevented the Antisemitism Awareness Act (AAA) from passing last December, largely due to fears over exposing a divide amongst senate Democrats. Now, there is a fresh opportunity for Congress to act after the bill was reintroduced in the House in February with bipartisan support. Senate Republicans and Democrats should show the same bipartisanship as their House colleagues and get this legislation over the line. The fundamental aim of the AAA is to force the Department of Education to use the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) definition of antisemitism when enforcing Title VI of the Civil Rights Act. In this way, the act would require schools receiving federal tax dollars to protect students adequately from antisemitic discrimination, lest they forfeit their funding. Despite an overwhelmingly bipartisan vote passing the AAA in the House (320-91), spurious misunderstandings and lies about what the bill would accomplish have abounded. From bizarre claims from some Republicans that the bill would “ban” some portions of the New Testament to hysteria from some far-left Democrats that the bill codifies special protections for Israel into U.S. law, the AAA is the victim of serious slander. The AAA does not criminalize any speech, even the most virulent antisemitism. Rather, it seeks to ensure that taxpayer-funded institutions protect their Jewish students from harm and discrimination just as they would for any other minority student group. The IHRA’s given examples of antisemitism have proven to be the chief cause of concern for opponents of the bill. For some progressives, the greatest concern is how these examples might be used to stifle legitimate criticism of Israel. Others have focused on free-speech concerns. Take a closer look at the examples themselves, though, and you’ll be left wondering what exactly these opponents are afraid they can no longer say. Sponsored Here's The Estimated Cost of a 1-day Gutter Guards Installation Here's The Estimated Cost of a 1-day Gutter Guards Installation LeafFilter Partner Prostate Pain? NASA's Bizarre "Zero Gravity Pee Protocol" Can Help [Watch] Prostate Pain? 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The AAA does not seek to do this, but rather to address the problem of taxpayer-funded institutions failing to protect their Jewish students and staff, a problem that is clearly rife today. Wilder objections from the likes of Marjorie Taylor Greene and Tucker Carlson – that the bill somehow bans or restricts the New Testament or that it could be used to persecute Christians – are farcical. Perhaps ironically, the fact that Taylor Greene seems to believe that the Jewish people were responsible for the crucifixion of Christ is evidence of the clear need for a bill addressing antisemitism in a straightforward way. The majority of opposition to the bill last time came from anti-Israel Democrats. It seems only natural to me, though, that any working definition of antisemitism would cover examples of how prejudice against the world’s only Jewish state can stray into antisemitism. The IHRA covers several specific examples of this, including comparing Israeli policy to that of Nazi Germany, using classic antisemitic symbols like the blood libel to criticize Israel, and denying the Jewish people their “right to self-determination” by calling for the destruction of Israel or by suggesting that Israel is in itself a racist pursuit. It also covers specific accusations against individual Jewish people that relate specifically to Israel, including accusations of “dual loyalty” or holding Jews worldwide responsible for the actions of the Israeli government. Daily headlines delivered to your inbox Get our free newsletter Your email Submit Opponents of IHRA often characterize these examples as incredibly broad and, therefore, a risk to free expression, when in fact the opposite is true. Where criticism of Israel is concerned, it’s a deliberate, conscious choice to compare the Jewish state to Nazi Germany. This is almost never done from ignorance, almost always from malice. There is a reason why Hamas uses terms like “Nazi Zionism” in its propaganda. It is deeply malicious to accuse Jews of inflicting or invoking the same evil that murdered 6 million of their own people in Europe. It’s generally a good idea to stay away from Nazi comparisons in any civilized political debate, but it should not be difficult to see why Nazi comparisons levied against Israel stray into antisemitism. There is also a convincing case as to why calls for the destruction of Israel, or the denial that a Jewish state could ever exist legitimately, is antisemitic. Firstly, only when criticizing Israel do calls for dissolution of the state itself appear. Even when criticizing the most murderous autocrats on the planet, whether it be President Putin or Ayatollah Khamenei, nobody calls for the dissolution of Russia or Iran. One can be the harshest critic of Netanyahu and his far-right coalition without calling for the total disestablishment of Israel (especially knowing what the consequences would bring). If the only country on earth you wish to see destroyed is coincidentally the world’s only Jewish state, ask yourself why IHRA might incorporate this into its definitions. Secondly, denying the right of the Jewish people to self-determination by claiming that Israel could never exist legitimately in any form, like the “racist endeavor” example found in IHRA, is nigh on indefensible. Much is rightly made in the international arena of the Palestinian people’s right to self-determination and, therefore, their eventual right to statehood. If an Israeli politician were to say that a Palestinian state in principle would always be illegitimate, there would rightly be outraged accusations of deeply irrational anti-Palestinianism. This is the exact same principle behind the self-determination example found in IHRA. The examples relating to Jewish individuals are even more clear cut. Accusations of dual loyalty and collective responsibility are tales as old as time. Of course, in matters of national security, it is perfectly legitimate for governments to be wary of any external loyalties of their employees, but when this noble aim turns inquisitorial against Jews, there is an antisemitism problem. Henry Kissinger famously declared to Golda Meir as she petitioned for support for Israel during the Yom Kippur war, “First I am an American, second I am Secretary of State, third I am a Jew.” I ask critics of the IHRA to reflect, if they are unsatisfied by this answer, whether they would feel differently if Mr. Kissinger had declared himself a Catholic last, or had a different ancestry. Passing the AAA will help to counter the current surge of antisemitism in the U.S. As the Republican administration seeks to ensure that college campuses and other federally funded institutions protect their Jewish populace, Congress has the chance to support that mission in a bipartisan way. Lawmakers should not hesitate.
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Campus Antisemitism Report Card™ ADL’s Campus Antisemitism Report Card provides information about the current state of antisemitism on campus and how universities and colleges are responding. ADL’s Report Card 2.0 assesses 135 schools based on 30 criteria, separated into: ‘Administrative Policies,’ ‘Jewish Life on Campus’ and ‘Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns.' Ratings were assigned under each category that factor into each school’s grade; grades may vary despite identical performance labels due to percentage score differences or qualitative assessments. The impact and enforcement of recently enacted policies may not yet have been fully realized, resulting in higher campus conduct and climate concerns. The Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns category only reflects ‘severe’ and ‘other’ incidents that occurred between April and December 2024. View more information on the methodology. Our analysis combines objective data with certain subjective impressions and analysis as well as our beliefs about how to weigh different factors. Reasonable people may disagree with these decisions. The cards below provide campus snapshots; for more information, click View Details to see full campus profiles. Read FAQs and Grading Approach Find a School Enter a zip code, college name, or keyword Filters & Key Letter Grade A Ahead of the Pack B Better than Most C Corrections Needed D Deficient Approach F Failing Criteria Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions 1 Above Expectations 2 Meeting Expectations 3 Below Expectations Jewish Life on Campus 1 Excellent 2 Satisfactory 3 Subpar Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns 1 Low to None 2 Medium 3 High Type of School Public School Private School State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas See More + Add a School + Add a School + Add a School b Washington, DC American University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell American University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Amherst, MA Amherst College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Amherst College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Boone, NC Appalachian State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Appalachian State University to Protect Jewish Students. Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Tempe, AZ Arizona State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Arizona State University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d New York, NY Barnard College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Barnard College Protect Jewish Students. Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Binghamton, NY Binghamton University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Binghamton University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Boston, MA Boston University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Boston University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Brunswick, ME Bowdoin College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Bowdoin College to Protect Jewish Students Last updated July 25, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Waltham, MA Brandeis University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Brandeis University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Providence, RI Brown University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Brown University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b New York, NY CUNY Baruch College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell CUNY Baruch College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Brooklyn, NY CUNY Brooklyn College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell CUNY Brooklyn College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c New York, NY CUNY Hunter College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell CUNY Hunter College to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 13, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Pasadena, CA California Institute of Technology Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell California Institute of Technology to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d San Luis Obispo, CA California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that California Polytechnic State University Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Long Beach, CA California State University Long Beach Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell California State University Long Beach to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Northridge, CA California State University, Northridge Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that California State University Northridge Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Northfield, MN Carleton College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Carleton College Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Pittsburgh, PA Carnegie Mellon University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Carnegie Mellon University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Orange, CA Chapman University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Chapman University Protect Jewish Students. Last updated March 10, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Colorado Springs, CO Colorado College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Colorado College Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d New York, NY Columbia University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Columbia University Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Ithaca, NY Cornell University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Cornell University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Hanover, NH Dartmouth College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Dartmouth College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f Chicago, IL DePaul University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that DePaul University Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Philadelphia, PA Drexel University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Drexel University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Durham, NC Duke University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Duke University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Elon, NC Elon University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Elon University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Atlanta, GA Emory University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Emory University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f Olympia, WA Evergreen State College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Evergreen State College Protect Jewish Students. Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Boca Raton, FL Florida Atlantic University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Florida Atlantic University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Miami, FL Florida International University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Florida International University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Tallahassee, FL Florida State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Florida State University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Fairfax, VA George Mason University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell George Mason University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Washington, DC George Washington University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell George Washington University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 17, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Washington, DC Georgetown University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Georgetown University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Atlanta, GA Georgia Institute of Technology Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Georgia Tech to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Cambridge, MA Harvard University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Harvard University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f Haverford, PA Haverford College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Haverford College Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Hempstead, NY Hofstra University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Hofstra University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Bloomington, IN Indiana University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Indiana University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Ithaca, NY Ithaca College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Ithaca College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Baltimore, MD Johns Hopkins University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Johns Hopkins University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Kalamazoo, MI Kalamazoo College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Kalamazoo College Protect Jewish Students Last updated June 23, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Bethlehem, PA Lehigh University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Lehigh University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f New Orleans, LA Loyola University, New Orleans Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Loyola University New Orleans Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Cambridge, MA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Massachusetts Institute of Technology Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b East Lansing, MI Michigan State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Michigan State University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Allentown, PA Muhlenberg College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Muhlenberg College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 24, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b New York, NY New York University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell New York University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Raleigh, NC North Carolina State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell North Carolina State University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Boston, MA Northeastern University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Northeastern University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Evanston, IL Northwestern University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Northwestern University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Oberlin, OH Oberlin College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Oberlin College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b University Park, PA Pennsylvania State University, University Park Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Pennsylvania State University, University Park to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f Claremont, CA Pitzer College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Pitzer College Protect Jewish Students Last updated October 6, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f Claremont, CA Pomona College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Pomona College Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f Portland, OR Portland State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Portland State University Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Princeton, NJ Princeton University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Princeton University Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 7, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a West Lafayette, IN Purdue University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Purdue University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students. Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Queens, NY Queens College, CUNY Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell CUNY Queens College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Houston, TX Rice University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Rice University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d New Brunswick, NJ Rutgers University, New Brunswick Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Rutgers University, New Brunswick Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c New Paltz, NY SUNY New Paltz Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell SUNY New Paltz to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Purchase, NY SUNY Purchase Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell SUNY Purchase College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Suffern, NY SUNY Rockland Community College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell SUNY Rockland Community College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b San Diego, CA San Diego State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell San Diego State University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d San Francisco, CA San Francisco State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that San Francisco State University Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 24, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f Claremont, CA Scripps College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Scripps College Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Stanford, CA Stanford University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Stanford University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Stony Brook, NY Stony Brook University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Stony Brook University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Swarthmore, PA Swarthmore College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Swarthmore College Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Syracuse, NY Syracuse University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Syracuse University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Philadelphia, PA Temple University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Temple University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 11, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c College Station, TX Texas A&M University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Texas A&M University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f New York, NY The New School Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that The New School Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Columbus, OH The Ohio State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell The Ohio State University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Towson, MD Towson University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Towson University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 2, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Medford, MA Tufts University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Tufts University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b New Orleans, LA Tulane University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Tulane University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Albany, NY University at Albany, SUNY Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University at Albany to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Getzville, NY University at Buffalo Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University at Buffalo to Keep Protecting Jewish Students. Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Tuscaloosa, AL University of Alabama Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Alabama to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Tucson, AZ University of Arizona Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Arizona to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Berkeley, CA University of California, Berkeley Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of California Berkeley to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Davis, CA University of California, Davis Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of California Davis to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Irvine, CA University of California, Irvine Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of California Irvine to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Los Angeles, CA University of California, Los Angeles Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of California Los Angeles Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Riverside, CA University of California, Riverside Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of California Riverside Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c La Jolla, CA University of California, San Diego Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of California San Diego to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Santa Barbara, CA University of California, Santa Barbara Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of California Santa Barbara Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Santa Cruz, CA University of California, Santa Cruz Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of California Santa Cruz Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Orlando, FL University of Central Florida Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Central Florida to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Chicago, IL University of Chicago Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of Chicago Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Boulder, CO University of Colorado, Boulder Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Colorado Boulder to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Storrs, CT University of Connecticut Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Connecticut to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Newark, DE University of Delaware Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Delaware to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Denver, CO University of Denver Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Denver to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Gainesville, FL University of Florida Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Florida to Keep Protecting Jewish Students. Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Athens, GA University of Georgia Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Georgia to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b West Hartford, CT University of Hartford Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Hartford to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Houston, TX University of Houston Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell The University of Houston to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison f Chicago, IL University of Illinois, Chicago Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of Illinois Chicago Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Champaign, IL University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 7, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Lawrence, KS University of Kansas Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Kansas to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Baltimore, MD University of Maryland, Baltimore County Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of Maryland Baltimore County Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c College Park, MD University of Maryland, College Park Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Maryland College Park to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Amherst, MA University of Massachusetts, Amherst Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of Massachusetts Amherst Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Coral Gables, FL University of Miami Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Miami to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated June 6, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Ann Arbor, MI University of Michigan Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Michigan to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Minneapolis, MN University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell The University of Minnesota to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Lincoln, NE University of Nebraska, Lincoln Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Nebraska – Lincoln to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Las Vegas, NV University of Nevada, Las Vegas Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Nevada Las Vegas to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Chapel Hill, NC University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of North Carolina Chapel Hill to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Notre Dame , IN University of Notre Dame Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Notre Dame to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Eugene, OR University of Oregon Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of Oregon Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Philadelphia, PA University of Pennsylvania Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Pennsylvania to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Pittsburgh, PA University of Pittsburgh Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Pittsburgh to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Columbia, SC University of South Carolina Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of South Carolina to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Tampa, FL University of South Florida Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of South Florida to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Los Angeles, CA University of Southern California Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Southern California to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 4, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Austin, TX University of Texas, Austin Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Texas, Austin to Keep Protecting Jewish Students. Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Burlington, VT University of Vermont Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Vermont to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Charlottesville, VA University of Virginia Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Virginia to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d Seattle, WA University of Washington Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that University of Washington Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Madison, WI University of Wisconsin–Madison Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell University of Wisconsin Madison to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison a Nashville, TN Vanderbilt University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Vanderbilt University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Poughkeepsie, NY Vassar College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Vassar College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students. Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Blacksburg, VA Virginia Tech Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Virginia Tech to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Winston-Salem, NC Wake Forest University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Wake Forest University to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b St. Louis, MO Washington University in St. Louis Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Washington University in St. Louis to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Detroit, MI Wayne State University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Wayne State University to Protect Jewish Students Last updated April 1, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison b Wellesley, MA Wellesley College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Wellesley College to Keep Protecting Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison c Williamstown, MA Williams College Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Tell Williams College to Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison d New Haven, CT Yale University Publicly Disclosed Administrative Actions Jewish Life on Campus Campus Conduct and Climate Concerns Demand that Yale University Protect Jewish Students Last updated March 3, 2025 View Full Report Add to Comparison
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The end of the deep state is here; Supreme Court seems likely to give Trump more power over agencies President Trump wants the Supreme Court to overturn a 90-year-old precedent limiting his ability to remove leaders of independent agencies. Portrait of Maureen GroppeMaureen Groppe USA TODAY Updated Dec. 8, 2025, 4:56 p.m. ET Deeper Dive BETA Which company sued over Trump's tariffs in a Supreme Court case? When did the Supreme Court hear arguments on Trump's agency firing case? What precedent does Trump seek to overturn regarding agency leadership removal? Which company sued over Trump's tariffs in a Supreme Court case? WASHINGTON – The Supreme Court appears likely to agree with President Donald Trump that he can fire at will the heads of some independent agencies, hearing arguments on Dec. 8 in a case that could redefine how more than a dozen agencies operate and shift power from Congress to the president. The agencies were set up by Congress to be led by politically balanced boards of experts serving staggered, fixed terms. But Trump argues presidential control will make agencies like the Federal Trade Commission, the Consumer Product Safety Commission and the Federal Election Commission more accountable to voters who elect presidents. “The real-world consequences here are human beings exercising enormous governmental authority with a great deal of control over individuals and small and large businesses who ultimately do not answer to the president,” Solicitor General John Sauer told the justices during nearly 2 ½ hours of oral arguments. “That’s a power vacuum.” A lawyer for Rebecca Kelly Slaughter, a FTC commissioner fired by Trump, countered that independent agencies have been part of the nation's governing structure since 1790. “Any abstract theory that would wipe away so much history and precedent should be a nonstarter,” attorney Amit Agarwal argued. Conservative justices sympathetic to Trump's argument President Donald Trump shakes hands with Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts in the Rotunda of the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 20, 2025. But the court’s conservative supermajority seemed more sympathetic to the Trump administration’s position. Most seemed to agree that the president should be able to remove leaders from at least some agencies and pushed only on how far that could go. Justice Brett Kavanaugh, for example, stressed early that he views the Federal Reserve differently. By contrast, the court’s three liberal justices tried to raise the alarm about the potential consequences of letting presidents control agencies that Congress tried to insulate from political interference. “The result of what you want is that the president is going to have massive, unchecked, uncontrolled power,” Justice Elena Kagan said, “not only to do traditional execution, but to make law through legislative and adjudicative frameworks." Get the Susan Page newsletter in your inbox. Get the latest story from Susan Page right in your inbox. Delivery: Varies Your Email In response, Justice Samuel Alito gave Sauer the chance to argue that the results won’t be disastrous. “In fact, our entire government will move towards accountability,” Sauer agreed. But Agarwal said a president could “just on a whim decide tomorrow that everything the agency has been doing is wrong.” Trump wants Supreme Court to overturn a 90-year-old precedent The headquarters of the US Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in Washington, DC, November 18, 2024. Trump wants the court to overturn a 1935 decision limiting a president's ability to remove leaders of multimember administrative agencies, a decision the court has been chipping away at since 2010. Under the “unitary executive theory” that conservatives have advanced for years, the Constitution gives presidents complete control over executive functions, which must include the power to remove commission members. In 1935, however, the Supreme Court said the FTC’s duties were “neither political nor executive, but predominantly quasi-judicial and quasi-legislative.” The Department of Justice argues that even if that was a correct interpretation of the FTC in 1935 − which it disputes − it no longer is. Supreme Court could topple yet another campaign finance limit Supreme Court to take on controversial Trump policy on birthright citizenship Supreme Court lets Texas use congressional map favored by Trump Supreme Court not ready to tackle prayers at football games again Supreme Court to review controversial policy at US-Mexico border to limit asylum seekers Trump ratchets up pressure on Supreme Court not to overturn his tariffs Will the Supreme Court treat Trump's tariffs like Biden's policies? Amy Coney Barrett says 'I'm nobody's justice.' That includes Trump. “It was grievously wrong when decided,” Sauer told the justices. He had a receptive audience. Chief Justice John Roberts called that 1935 decision, Humphrey's Executor v. United States, a “dried husk of whatever people used to think it was” because it has “nothing to do with what the FTC looks like today.” But Justice Sonia Sotomayor, the court’s most senior liberal justice, asked Sauer if the court has ever overturned such a long-standing precedent with a major impact on how the government operates. “You’re asking us to destroy the structure of government and to take away from Congress its ability to protect its idea that a government is better structured with some agencies that are independent,” she said. Expert predicts court will overturn Humprey's Executor Kevin King, a partner at Covington & Burling law firm who focuses on appellate and administrative and constitutional law matters, expects the court to overrule − not just further curtail − Humphrey’s Executor. That would mean Trump could remove heads of the FTC and of similar agencies. But King said Kagan’s probing about the potentially far-reaching consequences on other agencies could make a difference when the justices meet privately to discuss the case. “Even if Justice Kagan is not on the winning side of the vote here,” he said, “she nevertheless is influencing the court’s reasoning, and her questions may lead some of her colleagues to take a more cautious and narrow approach here.” Trump declared all federal agencies are under his control The Supreme Court from left, Justices Sonia Sotomayor, Amy Coney Barrett, Clarence Thomas and Neil Gorsuch, Chief Justice John Roberts, and Justices Brett Kavanaugh, Samuel Alito, Ketanji Brown Jackson and Elena Kagan. After taking office, Trump declared that all federal agencies are under his control. “The days of rule by unelected bureaucrats are over,” the president said in a March address to Congress. That same month, Trump fired the two Democratic members of the five-member Federal Trade Commission board, Slaughter and Alvaro Bedoya. The FTC enforces a variety of antitrust and consumer protection laws affecting virtually every area of commerce. He’d already removed Democratic members of two federal labor boards and would later fire the three Democrats on the CPSC. The Supreme Court allowed the firings to proceed while it decides whether Congress had the ability to limit the reasons regulators could be removed to “inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office.” Supreme Court will later consider Federal Reserve case Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook attends the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City's 2025 Jackson Hole economic symposium, "Labor Markets in Transition: Demographics, Productivity, and Macroeconomic Policy" in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, on Aug. 23, 2025. One question hanging over the case is whether the court will treat the Federal Reserve Board of Governors differently, as the justices suggested they might earlier this year when issuing a temporary ruling about firing labor commission members without cause. And the court did not allow Trump to immediately fire Federal Reserve Governor Lisa Cook, deciding instead to hear arguments in January on his claim that he has just cause to remove her. Slaughter’s and Cook’s cases are among at least four the justices are deciding in the coming months that test Trump’s expansive view of presidential authority. The court is also weighing whether Trump can impose sweeping tariffs on imports even though the Constitution gives Congress the power to raise revenue. And the court will decide if Trump's interpretation of the Constitution means he can deny citizenship to some babies born in the United States. A decision in Trump v. Slaughter is expected by the end of June.
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